We used one in the past, it was hired in for a new build factory around 10 years ago.
I have attached a picture of a man held upright stand core-cutter with diamond tip blade.
The one we had was mounted onto a mini-excavator boom and had an operator.
I could be wrong, but I think the excavator version would be more powerful, maybe quicker too as it can be slow process depending on depth etc.
The majority of the holes cored by the machine was for steel Ballards at each side of the factory doors, to the side of these we mounted posts with a series of Health & Safety Signs down them.
GAP Plant & Tool Hire offer the machines from memory. They have nationwide depots.
https://www.gap-group.co.uk
As long as the concrete foundation is sound, a base plate with anchor bolt fixings would suffice, depending on what’s going on the posts. (wind load)
The base plate option would be faster to erect on-site but slower to manufacture.
another thing you have to take into account with the base plate option is levelling the post vertical if the ground isn’t perfectly level. You could of course drill and chemical fix threaded rods to allow you to be able to adjust the level.