Jason, typography is basically the art of type design, knowing how to layout fonts with emphasis on kerning especially and knowing what fonts suit what words etc.
But I guess you already know that because your asking for a book on it,
I would suggest again layout books as has been mentioned, to see how good fonts work together.
There are thousands of fonts out there, most of them pants!
Sans serif, script, bold fonts etc,
I know which fonts I use most probably not more than 10 at the end of the day. As for a solid font collection, you wouldn’t need loads to achieve quality results for jobs as it mainly comes down to how you use them ie, weights of letters etc.
I would google to see if there is anything that takes your fancy, as I can’t recommend any books off hand.
Don’t know if this is much help as an early morning answer.
ps, Does anyone remember or still have a typography ruler? we used to
use them at art college in the 70’s 😕
Martin