Asbestos sheet/cement board is pretty safe and the lowest level of hazard where asbestos is concerned as long as it’s left in that form. Having said that I wouldn’t want to drill or saw it as that would release dust particles into the air.
I can’t see what harm a good modern adhesive would have on it, but you might find it difficult to achieve a long term fix without thoroughly cleaning the original surface. So you’re back to the problem of releasing particles into the air :awkward:
Some folk say to run water over the surface when you’re working on it to keep the dust down, but what happens to the dust when it dries?… Horrible stuff.
By the way, I understand they pretty much stopped using asbestos in the mid 80s, so if the building you’re referring to was built more recent than that, it may not be asbestos at all.